Which of the following characteristics best describes potential energy?

Potential energy is defined as the energy stored in an object due to its position, shape, or state. This energy is linked to the object's location within a gravitational field, which means that an object like a book on a shelf holds potential energy because of its height above the ground. If the book were to fall, that stored energy would be converted into kinetic energy, which is the energy of motion.

The other characteristics mentioned, such as energy of motion, refer to kinetic energy, which is quite different from potential energy. Energy from chemical reactions typically refers to the energy released or absorbed during chemical processes, rather than energy stored in an object's position. Energy emitted as light is associated with electromagnetic radiation and is unrelated to the concept of potential energy. Therefore, the best description of potential energy focuses specifically on the energy stored due to an object's position.