What does the term "dynamic load" refer to?

The term "dynamic load" refers to a load applied to a structure that changes over time. This encompasses the varying forces that a structure must withstand due to factors such as moving vehicles, wind, vibrations, or seismic activity. Unlike static loads, which remain constant and are typically predictable (such as the weight of the building materials), dynamic loads can fluctuate and may be more challenging to design for because they require considerations for factors like frequency and amplitude.

Understanding dynamic loading is crucial in engineering and construction because these loads can significantly influence the structural integrity and overall safety of a design. Engineers must ensure that structures can accommodate these changes effectively to prevent failure or excessive movement, hence the focus on the changing nature of dynamic loads in the provided answer.